Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2021, Indoneziya (aha ni ukuvuga Indoneziya) ifite toni 800000 z'ubutare bw'amabati, bingana na 16% by'isi, kandi igipimo cy'umusaruro wabitswe kimaze imyaka 15, kiri munsi ugereranyije n'ikigereranyo cy'imyaka 17 ku isi.Amabuye y'amabati ariho muri Indoneziya afite ububiko bwimbitse hamwe n’urwego rwo hasi, kandi umusaruro w’amabati warahagaritswe cyane.Kugeza ubu, ubujyakuzimu bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya Indoneziya bwaragabanutse kuva kuri metero 50 munsi y'ubutaka kugera kuri metero 100 ~ 150 munsi y'ubutaka.Ingorane z’amabuye y'agaciro zariyongereye, kandi umusaruro w’amabati y’amabuye ya Indoneziya nawo wagabanutse uko umwaka utashye, kuva ku mpinga ya toni 104500 muri 2011 ukagera kuri toni 53000 muri 2020. Nubwo Indoneziya ikiri ku mwanya wa kabiri ku isi mu gutanga amabuye y’amabati, umugabane wacyo umusaruro w'amabati ku isi wagabanutse uva kuri 35% muri 2011 ugera kuri 20% muri 2020.

Nk’umwanya wa kabiri ku isi utunganya amabati atunganijwe neza, Indoneziya itunganya amabati ni ingenzi cyane, ariko Indoneziya yuzuye itunganya amabati kandi itanga ibikoresho byerekana ko igabanuka.

Ubwa mbere, Indoneziya y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byakomeje gukaza umurego.Mu Gushyingo 2021, Perezida wa Indoneziya, Joko Widodo, yatangaje ko azahagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mabuye y'amabuye ya Indoneziya mu 2024. Mu 2014, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi ya Indoneziya yashyizeho amabwiriza y’ubucuruzi No 44 yo kubuza kohereza amabati ya peteroli, agamije gukumira igihombo cy’igihombo. umubare munini wamabati kubiciro buke no kunoza iyongerwaho ryinganda zamabati nijwi ryibiciro byamabati.Nyuma yo gushyira mu bikorwa aya mabwiriza, umusaruro w’amabati muri Indoneziya wagabanutse.Muri 2020, igipimo gihuye na tin mine / amabati yatunganijwe muri Indoneziya ni 0.9 gusa.Kubera ko ubushobozi bwo gushonga muri Indoneziya buri munsi y’ubutare bw’amabati, kandi ubushobozi bwo gushonga mu gihugu biragoye gusya amabuye y’amabati yoherejwe mbere mu gihe gito, umusaruro w’amabati muri Indoneziya wagabanutse kugira ngo iki gihugu gikemuke. .Kuva mu mwaka wa 2019, igipimo cyo guhuza amabati yatunganijwe neza y’amabuye y'agaciro yo muri Indoneziya nticyari munsi ya 1, mu gihe igipimo cyo guhuza muri 2020 ari 0.9 gusa.Umusaruro w'amabati ntushobora guhura n'umusaruro w'amabati yatunganijwe mu gihugu.

Icya kabiri, kugabanuka muri rusange kurwego rwumutungo muri Indoneziya, uhura n’ibibazo byo kugabanya umutungo w’ubutaka no kongera ingorane zo gucukura amabuye yo mu nyanja, bikumira umusaruro w’amabuye y’amabati.Kugeza ubu, amabati yo mu mazi yo mu mazi ni igice kinini cy’amabuye y'agaciro muri Indoneziya.Ubucukuzi bw'amazi yo mu mazi buragoye kandi buhenze, kandi amabuye y'agaciro nayo azagira ingaruka mugihe cyigihe.

Isosiyete ya Tianma niyo itanga amabati manini muri Indoneziya, aho 90% by'ubutaka bwemejwe gucukura amabati, kandi amabati y’inyanja ku nkombe angana na 94%.Icyakora, kubera imiyoborere mibi y’isosiyete ya Tianma, uburenganzira bwayo bwo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro bwakoreshejwe cyane n’umubare munini w’abacukuzi b’abikorera ku giti cyabo, kandi isosiyete ya Tianma yahatiwe kongera ingufu mu kugenzura uburenganzira bw’amabuye y'agaciro mu myaka yashize.Kugeza ubu, amabati y’isosiyete asohoka cyane ashingiye ku birombe by’amabati yo mu mazi, kandi umubare w’ibicuruzwa by’amabati yo ku nkombe wiyongereye uva kuri 54% muri 2010 ugera kuri 94% muri 2020. Mu mpera za 2020, isosiyete ya Tianma ifite toni 16000 gusa urwego rwohejuru onshore amabati.

Amabati asohoka muri sosiyete ya Tianma yerekana inzira yo kumanuka muri rusange.Muri 2019, amabati y’isosiyete ya Tianma yageze kuri toni 76000, aho umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 128%, akaba ari urwego rwo hejuru mu myaka yashize.Ibi byatewe ahanini n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amabwiriza mashya yo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Indoneziya mu gihembwe cya kane cy’umwaka wa 2018, ibyo bikaba byaratumye sosiyete ya Tianma ibona umusaruro w’abacukuzi batemewe mu rwego rw’uruhushya mu bijyanye n’imibare, ariko ubushobozi bw’isosiyete ikora amabati ntukiyongere.Kuva icyo gihe, amabati ya sosiyete ya Tianma yakomeje kugabanuka.Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2021, amabati yatunganijwe mu isosiyete ya Tianma yari toni 19000, umwaka ushize ugabanuka 49%.

Icya gatatu, imishinga mito mito yigenga yahindutse imbaraga nyamukuru yo gutanga amabati meza

Mu bihe biri imbere, amabati ya Indoneziya azibanda cyane mu ruganda runini

Vuba aha, Indoneziya y’amabati yoherezwa mu mahanga yagaruwe ku mwaka ku mwaka, ahanini bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu ruganda rwigenga.Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2020, ubushobozi bwose bw'amabati yatunganijwe neza mu bigo byigenga byo muri Indoneziya byari toni 50000, bingana na 62% by'ubushobozi bwa Indoneziya.Kimwe mu bintu bigaragara mu gucukura amabati no gucukura amabati yatunganijwe muri Indoneziya ni uko inyinshi muri zo ari umusaruro muto ukorwa n’ibigo byigenga, kandi umusaruro uzahinduka ku buryo bworoshye ukurikije urwego rw’ibiciro.Iyo igiciro cyamabati kiri hejuru, inganda nto zihita zongera umusaruro, kandi mugihe igiciro cyamabati kigabanutse, bahitamo gufunga ubushobozi.Kubwibyo, umusaruro wamabati hamwe namabati yatunganijwe muri Indoneziya bifite ihindagurika rikomeye kandi bitateganijwe neza.

Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2021, Indoneziya yohereje toni 53000 z'amabati yatunganijwe, yiyongeraho 4.8% mu gihe kimwe cyo muri 2020. Umwanditsi yemeza ko amabati yatunganijwe neza yoherezwa mu bucuruzi bw’abikorera ku giti cyabo yatumye habaho icyuho cyo kugabanuka kwa amabati yatunganijwe neza ya sosiyete ya Tianma.Icyakora, birakwiye ko tumenya ko kwagura ubushobozi nubunini bwoherezwa mu mahanga by’abikorera ku giti cyabo bizakomeza kugenzurwa n’isuzuma rikomeye ryo kurengera ibidukikije muri Indoneziya.Kuva muri Mutarama 2022, guverinoma ya Indoneziya ntabwo yatanze uruhushya rushya rwo kohereza amabati binyuze mu kuvunja.

Umwanditsi yizera ko mu gihe kiri imbere, amabati y’amabuye ya Indoneziya azibanda cyane ku ruganda runini, birashoboka ko izamuka ry’amabati meza yatunganijwe mu mishinga mito rizaba rito kandi rike, umusaruro w’amabati yatunganijwe uzaba uhagaze neza, kandi n’ibisohoka elastique izagabanuka kuri gahunda.Mugihe igabanuka ryurwego rwamabuye y'agaciro muri Indoneziya, uburyo buto bwo kubyaza umusaruro imishinga mito mito buragenda burushaho kuba ubukungu, kandi umubare munini wibigo bito bizahanagurwa ku isoko.Nyuma yo gushyiraho itegeko rishya ry’ubucukuzi bwa Indoneziya, itangwa ry’amabuye y’amabuye rizagenda ryiyongera ku mishinga minini, izagira “ingaruka nyinshi” ku itangwa ry’amabuye y’amabati ku mishinga mito mito.